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Enhancement of the polynomial functions response surface model for real-time analyzing ozone sensitivity

Jiangbo Jin, Yun Zhu, Jicheng Jang, Shuxiao Wang, Jia Xing, Pen-Chi Chiang, Shaojia Fan, Shicheng Long

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1323-0

摘要： Abstract • The calculation process and algorithm of response surface model (RSM) were enhanced. • The prediction errors of RSM in the margin and transition areas were greatly reduced. • The enhanced RSM was able to analyze O3-NOx-VOC sensitivity in real-time. • The O3 formations were mainly sensitive to VOC, for the two case study regions. Quantification of the nonlinearities between ambient ozone (O3) and the emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compound (VOC) is a prerequisite for an effective O3 control strategy. An Enhanced polynomial functions Response Surface Model (Epf-RSM) with the capability to analyze O3-NOx-VOC sensitivities in real time was developed by integrating the hill-climbing adaptive method into the optimized Extended Response Surface Model (ERSM) system. The Epf-RSM could single out the best suited polynomial function for each grid cell to quantify the responses of O3 concentrations to precursor emission changes. Several comparisons between Epf-RSM and pf-ERSM (polynomial functions based ERSM) were performed using out-of-sample validation, together with comparisons of the spatial distribution and the Empirical Kinetic Modeling Approach diagrams. The comparison results showed that Epf-RSM effectively addressed the drawbacks of pf-ERSM with respect to over-fitting in the margin areas and high biases in the transition areas. The O3 concentrations predicted by Epf-RSM agreed well with Community Multi-scale Air Quality simulation results. The case study results in the Pearl River Delta and the north-western area of the Shandong province indicated that the O3 formations in the central areas of both the regions were more sensitive to anthropogenic VOC in January, April, and October, while more NOx-sensitive in July.

关键词： Response surface model Hill-climbing algorithm Ozone pollution Precursor emissions Control strategy

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Role of stair-climbing test in predicting postoperative cardiopulmonary complications in elderly patients

Pei-Tu REN BM, Bao-Chun LU MM, Zhi-Liang CHEN MM, Hong FU MM,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第1期页码 77-81 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0005-x

摘要： One hundred and twenty-six patients above 80 years old with biliary diseases undergoing operations in Shaoxing People’s Hospital from Jan. 2002 to Jan. 2007 were analyzed retrospectively. All patients performed a preoperative stair-climbing test, and the risks for cardiopulmonary €complications were evaluated with pair-matching and linear correlations analysis between stair-climbing height (h) and left ventricular ejective factor (EF), forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV). There was a significant difference in the incidence of cardiopulmonary complications among different stair-climbing heights. Stair-climbing heights were positively related with EF, FVC and FEV. This suggests that the stair-climbing test is an effective and simple method for predicting cardiopulmonary complications in elderly patients with biliary diseases.

关键词： biliary disease cardiopulmonary complication stair-climbing test

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Investigating the raveling test for full-depth reclamation

Robert HILL, Andrew BRAHAM

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第2期页码 222-226 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0423-9

摘要： Full-Depth Reclamation (FDR) is a sustainable method of building pavement structure compared to more traditional rehabilitation methods. Traffic is generally returned to an FDR project before a surface course is applied, as water in the FDR needs time to evaporate from the structure. This should not be done too quickly or raveling occurs. Currently, there is no test to quantify the timing of return to traffic. In this study, the “Raveling test of cold mixed bituminous emulsion samples” (ASTM D7196) was used to compare asphalt emulsion and asphalt foam FDR. Asphalt emulsion samples were cured at ambient and 40 °C temperatures, while asphalt foam samples were cured at ambient temperatures. Raveling test data was collected from 0 to 48 hours of curing, however, samples were often not able to withstand fifteen minutes of testing. Therefore, the “time lasted” (the time the raveling head loses contact with the surface of the sample) was recorded. In general, the asphalt emulsion samples that were cured in the oven at 40 °C had a longer time lasted and showed higher potential for determination of return to traffic. In addition, the asphalt emulsion samples had a longer time lasted than the asphalt foam samples at ambient temperatures.

关键词： raveling full depth reclamation

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三峡工程齿轮齿条爬升式升船机设计

钮新强,覃利明,于庆奎

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第7期页码 96-103

摘要：

三峡升船机具有提升重量大、升程高、上下游通航水位变幅大、水位变率快等特点，是目前世界上规模和技术难度最大的升船机。经过方案比选，三峡升船机最终确定采用齿轮齿条爬升式，其设备构造复杂，制造、安装及土建结构施工精度要求很高，并首次采用中德联合设计方式。概要介绍了三峡工程齿轮齿条爬升式升船机的总体布置、以及塔柱结构、重要设备的设计方案与关键技术。

关键词：升船机爬升式安全机构行程同步

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三峡升船机液压自升式模板施工技术

戴志清

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第9期页码 22-26

摘要：

三峡升船机塔柱混凝土施工工期紧，精度要求高，为保证施工进度和质量，采用了液压自升式模板。本文重点介绍了三峡升船机塔柱混凝土液压自升式模板施工技术、自升式模板改进措施以及为满足自升式模板上升而在塔柱板梁、牛腿处进行的结构处理措施。实践证明，液压自升式模板施工技术的应用与改进满足了三峡升船机塔柱筒体混凝土的设计要求，有效地提高施工效率、节约了成本，保证了工程质量并提高施工的安全性，可为其他水电工程施工提供借鉴。

关键词：塔柱混凝土液压自升式模板混凝土浇筑三峡升船机

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Impact of introducing a herb pasture area into a New Zealand sheep and beef hill country farm system:

Cécile DURANTON, Cory MATTHEW

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第1期页码 87-97 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018202

摘要： New Zealand is well known for export of meat and dairy products from low cost pastoral systems. These farm systems are continually evolving for increased efficiency, in part through the use of metabolic energy modeling tools by farmers and farm consultants to explore alternative farm system configurations and identify new efficiencies. One recent innovation is the introduction of a herb pasture area, such as plantain. We used metabolic energy modeling to quantify seasonal feed flows in two successive years in a New Zealand hill country farm system, and to analyze the impact of the introduction of an area of plantain. Models employed were a self-built Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and a commercial New Zealand farm systems modeling package, FARMAX. Herbage production, animal performance and financial results for a base farm scenario created from the average of survey data for hill farms in the southern North Island, and the same farm with 10% and 20% of the area in plantain for the years 2010–2011 and 2011–2012 were modeled. The self-built model performed similarly to the commercial model. The system configuration of the base farm stockpiles surplus autumn feed for release to animals in winter and also incorporates flexibility that confers resilience to interannual weather variation through varying dates animals are purchased or sold. The introduction of an area of plantain was predicted to increase herbage production, animal performance and financial returns. The predicted benefit was higher for the year 2010–2011 where a drought occurred in summer than for the following year with higher summer rainfall. This demonstrates the profitability of introducing a plantain area to New Zealand hill farm systems, and suggests plantain will assist to mitigate adverse effects of warmer and drier summer conditions associated with current climate change trends.

关键词： farm system configuration herb pasture metabolic energy budgeting plantain sheep and beef farming

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A simple umbelliferone based fluorescent probe for the detection of nitroreductase

Sedgwick, Alex Hayden, Barry Hill, Steven D. Bull, Robert B. P. Elmes, Tony D. James

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第2期页码 311-314 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1697-0

摘要： A simple nitrobenzyl-umbelliferone (NCOU1) was synthesised containing a nitroreductase (NTR) trigger moiety. The presence of NTR, resulted in the fragmentation of the parent molecule and release of the highly emissive fluorophore umbelliferone an NTR-catalyzed reduction of the nitro group. In the presence of the NTR enzyme, NCOU1 gave rise to a 5-fold increase in fluorescence intensity at 455 nm and was selective for NTR over other reductive enzymes. These results indicate that NCOU1 can be used as a simple assay for the detection of NTR.

关键词： fragmentation NCOU1 NTR nitroreductase nitrobenzyl-umbelliferone

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Innovative stair climber using associated wheels

Girish Sudhir MODAK,Manmohan Manikrao BHOOMKAR

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第11卷第3期页码 299-310 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0374-1

摘要：

The study proposes an innovative and completely new but low-cost configuration of a platform that can easily climb stairs. This platform serves the purpose of a chassis. Different versions, such as staircase-climbing wheelchair or staircase-climbing trolley for material transferring, can be derived depending on the structure built on the platform. The driving wheels have a shape that completely matches with the profile of the steps. Complex components are eliminated. Thus, this platform is conveniently applicable in the configurations useful for climbing staircases.

关键词： stair-climbing platform matching wheels impaired mobility affordable configuration

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Healthy soils for sustainable food production and environmental quality

O´DONNELL, Ligang WANG, Enli WANG, Julian HILL, Deli CHEN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第3期页码 347-355 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020339

摘要：

Soil is the foundation for sustainable food production and environmental protection. Created by unsustainable land management practices and a range of social, economic and environmental drivers, soil degradation and pollution have been an ongoing threat to international food security and environmental quality. Soil degradation and pollution assessments are, however, often focused on the soil itself with little scope to devise new soil management approaches that match food production systems and/or environmental protection. This study draws lessons from an Australia-China Joint Research Center Program, Healthy Soils for Sustainable Food Production and Environmental Quality: a research platform that has brought together multi-disciplinary approaches from world-renowned universities and research organizations in Australia and China. To this end, a framework is presented for future soil management in a new way that combines excellence in research, industry and policymakers in a partnership that will ensure not only the right focus of the research but also that high-quality outputs will be transferable to industry and end-users.

关键词： Australia China environmental quality food production healthy soils

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Learning from biological attachment devices: applications of bioinspired reversible adhesive methods in robotics

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第17卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0699-x

摘要： Many organisms have attachment organs with excellent functions, such as adhesion, clinging, and grasping, as a result of biological evolution to adapt to complex living environments. From nanoscale to macroscale, each type of adhesive organ has its own underlying mechanisms. Many biological adhesive mechanisms have been studied and can be incorporated into robot designs. This paper presents a systematic review of reversible biological adhesive methods and the bioinspired attachment devices that can be used in robotics. The study discussed how biological adhesive methods, such as dry adhesion, wet adhesion, mechanical adhesion, and sub-ambient pressure adhesion, progress in research. The morphology of typical adhesive organs, as well as the corresponding attachment models, is highlighted. The current state of bioinspired attachment device design and fabrication is discussed. Then, the design principles of attachment devices are summarized in this article. The following section provides a systematic overview of climbing robots with bioinspired attachment devices. Finally, the current challenges and opportunities in bioinspired attachment research in robotics are discussed.

关键词： adhesion bioinspired attachment biomimetic gripper climbing robot

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一种用于寻找无人船回收海床基数据最佳通信点的梯度上升控制法 Research Papers

Jiu-cai JIN, Jie ZHANG, Zhi-chao LV

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第20卷第6期页码 751-759 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1700732

摘要：给出了一种在无人船声学回收海床基数据时寻找最佳通信点的控制方法。众所周知，梯度上升极值寻找法常应用于多平台或多智能体，这是因为多平台能大范围测量且易于梯度估计。单一平台测量范围有限，不能快速估计测量场，难以迅速获得测量场极值。本文提出一种无人船振荡运动形式，以获取海床基与无人船间水声通信链路强度数据。基于多元加权线性递归法，利用无人船振荡运动获取的新数据，不断更新水声通信链路强度场。基于梯度上升和人工势场方法，考虑未知场的递归估计，设计无人船最佳通信点控制器，并证明其稳定性。仿真结果表明该算法可靠、高效。

关键词：无人船；数据回收；水声通信；梯度上升；极值寻找

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退火-遗传算法寻优及其实现

王英

《中国工程科学》 2008年第10卷第7期页码 57-59

摘要：

分析了遗传算法及退火算法的优缺点，提出用退火算法改进遗传算法局部的最优值搜索效率低问题。退火算法与遗传算法融合后，使算法在寻优结果上更加迅速精确。通过水泥的配比工程实例，与单纯的遗传算法的结果进行对比，说明该方法是有效的。

关键词：遗传算法退火算法遗传算法改进

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Multiobjective image recognition algorithm in the fully automatic die bonder

JIANG Kai, CHEN Hai-xia, YUAN Sen-miao

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2006年第1卷第3期页码 313-316 doi: 10.1007/s11465-006-0026-y

摘要： It is a very important task to automatically fix the number of die in the image recognition system of a fully automatic die bonder. A multiobjective image recognition algorithm based on clustering Genetic Algorithm (GA), is proposed in this paper. In the evolutionary process of GA, a clustering method is provided that utilizes information from the template and the fitness landscape of the current population. The whole population is grouped into different niches by the clustering method. Experimental results demonstrated that the number of target images could be determined by the algorithm automatically, and multiple targets could be recognized at a time. As a result, time consumed by one image recognition is shortened, the performance of the image recognition system is improved, and the atomization of the system is fulfilled.

关键词： clustering different recognition algorithm Algorithm multiobjective

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Comparative seismic design optimization of spatial steel dome structures through three recent metaheuristic algorithms

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第1期页码 57-74 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0784-y

摘要： Steel dome structures, with their striking structural forms, take a place among the impressive and aesthetic load bearing systems featuring large internal spaces without internal columns. In this paper, the seismic design optimization of spatial steel dome structures is achieved through three recent metaheuristic algorithms that are water strider (WS), grey wolf (GW), and brain storm optimization (BSO). The structural elements of the domes are treated as design variables collected in member groups. The structural stress and stability limitations are enforced by ASD-AISC provisions. Also, the displacement restrictions are considered in design procedure. The metaheuristic algorithms are encoded in MATLAB interacting with SAP2000 for gathering structural reactions through open application programming interface (OAPI). The optimum spatial steel dome designs achieved by proposed WS, GW, and BSO algorithms are compared with respect to solution accuracy, convergence rates, and reliability, utilizing three real-size design examples for considering both the previously reported optimum design results obtained by classical metaheuristic algorithms and a gradient descent-based hyperband optimization (HBO) algorithm.

关键词： steel dome optimization water strider algorithm grey wolf algorithm brain storm optimization algorithm hyperband optimization algorithm

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Optimal design of steel skeletal structures using the enhanced genetic algorithm methodology

Tugrul TALASLIOGLU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第4期页码 863-889 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0523-9

摘要： This study concerns with the design optimization of steel skeletal structures thereby utilizing both a real-life specification provisions and ready steel profiles named hot-rolled I sections. For this purpose, the enhanced genetic algorithm methodology named EGAwMP is utilized as an optimization tool. The evolutionary search mechanism of EGAwMP is constituted on the basis of generational genetic algorithm (GGA). The exploration capacity of EGAwMP is improved in a way of dividing an entire population into sub-populations and using of a radial basis neural network for dynamically adjustment of EGAwMP’s genetic operator parameters. In order to improve the exploitation capability of EGAwMP, the proposed neural network implementation is also utilized for prediction of more accurate design variables associating with a new design strategy, design codes of which are based on the provisions of LRFD_AISC V3 specification. EGAwMP is applied to determine the real-life ready steel profiles for the optimal design of skeletal structures with 105, 200, 444, and 942 members. EGAwMP accomplishes to increase the quality degrees of optimum designations Furthermore, the importance of using the real-life steel profiles and design codes is also demonstrated. Consequently, EGAwMP is suggested as a design optimization tool for the real-life steel skeletal structures.

关键词： design optimization genetic algorithm multiple populations neural network